The latest epidemic of ebola virus disease evd in the democratic republic of congo drc has rapidly evolved into the second largest outbreak in history. Millions of people live in fear and rely on humanitarian assistance for survival. The book, civil wars in the democratic republic of congo, 19602010 by emizet francois kisangani, is an analysis of the various civil wars in the congo. This is a list of conflicts in democratic republic of the congo arranged chronologically from the early modern period to present day. Over the past two decades the eastern provinces of the democratic republic of the congo have experienced fighting that has killed more than five million people. Identification of arms sources found in the conflict in drc. Voters popularly elect the president and the lower house of parliament national assembly. Armed conflicts report democratic republic of congo. Between conflict, poverty, malnutrition and an ebola outbreak, humanitarian needs in the democratic republic of congo drc are among the highest in the world. Conflicts in the democratic republic of congo united nations. Most interviews were conducted faceto face, with a small number carried out via telephone or skype. Today most of the country is at peace and experiencing a burst of economic rebound activity. Confronting impunity human rights watch briefing paper, january 2004 i.
The current body of knowledge on conflict analyses, particularly resource curse. Central africa was a site of slave raiding for the red sea and indian ocean slave trade long before the arrival of europeans. Coltan is far from being the most important mineral that is mined in the drc. In february 2008, congolese authorities arrested and later transferred to icc custody mathieu ngudjolo chui, former chief of staff of the front for national integration fni. The who country health profile of democratic republic of the congo provides key statistics and links to health topical databases, plus news, features and bulletin journal articles on. Understanding the conflict dynamics in north and south kivu, democratic republic of congo 3 4 mwenga territory. Deployed in an operational environment characterised by ongoing volatility, evd prevention, treatment and containment efforts have. Finally, under do 2, programs will address the large urban centers of kinshasa, lubumbashi, and kisangani. Ethnic violence 19921998, ethnic conflict and unrest, political history, political violence history, warfare. In drc they found a land much like their own, with green mountains, healthy air and familiar agricultural.
After the second general elections organized in 2011, the drc was embroiled in major conflicts such as. Unicef annual report 2017 democratic republic of congo. The conflict in the democratic republic of congo drc has claimed more than 5. Africa, civil war, conflict, conflict history, congo, democratic republic of the kinshasa, democratic republic of congo. Democratic republic of congo executive summary despite its vast natural resources, the democratic republic of congo drc is one of the worlds poorest countries ranking 176th out of 188 countries in the 2015 human development report. Congo, democratic republic of kinshasa political corruption, weak rule of law, and violence remained prevalent in the democratic republic of congo drc in 2014. Democratic republic of the congo 2018 human rights report executive summary the democratic republic of the congo drc is a nominally centralized constitutional republic. War and peace in the democratic republic of the congo. Learn about sources of continued violence in the democratic republic of congo and how the united nations, african union, and neighboring countries are struggling to curtail it.
Its main military camps are located in beni territory, close to the ituri rainforest. Structural causes of conflict in democratic republic of. Local humanitarian action in the democratic republic of congo. Unicef annual report 2016 democratic republic of congo.
Congo violence fuels fears of return to 90s bloodbath this article is more than 2 years old reports of a militia cutting off toddlers limbs and stabbing pregnant women have raised the spectre. The impact of conflict in the democratic republic of congo. Congo violence fuels fears of return to 90s bloodbath. List of documents on the democratic republic of the congo consulted by the. Democratic republic of congo after years of military conflict, and despite the 2006 general elections, which brought democratic institutions to power, once again simmering ethnic conflicts have become time bombs in some provinces of the democratic republic of the congo drc. Effective ngo campaigns using catchy slogans, such as no blood on my mobile, emphasized that consumer demand in the west for mobile phones, computers, game consoles and other electronic devices, all of which contain small amounts of tantalum, fueled mass atrocities in the democratic republic of congo drc. Democratic republic of congo drc has been marked by successive conflicts, weak governance, economic mismanagement and widespread corruption. The democratic republic of congo dr congo is struggling to recover from a devastating 6year con. For example, neighboring uganda has continued to clash with the lords resistance army in northeastern. War and peace in the democratic republic of the congo author.
Eastern democratic republic of congo ebola crisis situation report 16 april 2020 key updates last friday, the d. The war served as the continuation of the civil war of 199394 and involved militias representing three political candidates. Violence in the democratic republic of congo global. A reiew f 20 ear f war the democratic republic of congo drc is a country that during the xxth century has been recurrently plunged into a situation of despotism, absence and disintegration of the state and of exploitation of its natural resources. Forces of the democratic republic of the congo was removed from the uns list of state armed forces that use child soldiers. Furthermore, the multifaceted nature of the conflict events during an epidemic is yet to be characterized. Introduction human rights watch strongly believes that accountability for serious past. The strong public attention on tantalum and coltan is somewhat puzzling. Eastern congo is no stranger to violence, but ironically the latest surge in killing started with a deal designed to bring peace to this corner of the vast country nearly four years after a nationwide accord officially ended a 19982003 war. Since the 2002 peace accords, the democratic republic of the congo drc has been emerging from a long period of state decline and protracted crisis, the roots of which go back to at least the mid1970s. Republic of the congo civil war 19971999 wikipedia. New legislation on the organization of the press and broadcasting media, proposed by the ministry of.
Such is the scale of humanitarian needs that the uns humanitarian response plan for the drc is the second largest appeal worldwide. The democratic republic of congo congolese church of christ 8th community of the pentecostal churches of central africa 8th cepac swedish mission council theme. This list includes nationwide and international wars, including. Civil war 1996present, democratic republic of congo. Democratic republic of congo drc background in 1960, the drc gained independence from king leopold ii and belgium after nationalist uprisings in now called kinshasa. The stable economic growth recorded in recent years has been jeopardized since 2016. Bulende and kabalole communities 27 4a conflict between banro mining company, artisanal miners and the local community 27 4a. Issues around the classification of armed conflicts in the drc. Using conflict data, ethnographic appraisal, and a mathematical model, we provide a descriptive timeline of the events during the ongoing ebola outbreak in the democratic republic of the congo. The territory occupied nowadays by the drc is a juxtaposition.
Conflict in the democratic republic of congo drc threatens the lives of millions of children affected by fighting, hunger, diseases, and poverty. Introduction we will be speaking about conflicts, wars and the church in the context of the. Beyond emergency responses in the democratic republic of the congo 2 cndp. Pdf this essay analyzes the role of insurgent groups in the antikabila civil war in the congo. However, the democratic republic of the congo is receiving this assessment because it continued a practice that delayed advancement in eliminating the worst forms of child labor. Uganda, judgment, 19 december 2005, caserelated11611620051219jud0100en. Causes, impact and implications for the great lakes region executive summary the democratic republic of congo is recovering from conflicts, posting substantial improve ment in overall macroeconomic performance since the cessation of the war, on the back of robust copper and cobalt exports. Despite its vast physical size and abundant natural resources, the democratic republic of congo drc is one of the poorest countries in the world, ranking 176th out of 188 countries and territories in the 2015 human development index. In the eastern provinces nord and sudkivu, province.
List of conflicts in the democratic republic of the congo. The peacekeeping operation has evolved from a ceasefire observer force into one of the uns largest multidimensional missions, tasked with reforming and rebuilding government institutions and preventing a relapse into conflict that has frequently involved many of the drcs neighbors. Structural causes of conflict in democratic republic of congo, 1996 2006 gilbert o. The newly independent congo quickly became plagued with scandal, corruption, and civil conflict. Now centered in the east of the country, it involves a range of militant groups local militias, congolese and rwandan rebels, and the congolese army that use control over the countrys rich mineral.
Democratic republic of the congo drc since it gained independence from belgium in 1960. In 1997, laurent kabila overthrew mobutu sese seko after 32 years of authoritarian and corrupt rule and replaced the old regime by an equally authoritarian regime. Background and current developments congressional research service 5. Our website also offers links to software downloads to aid accessibility. The exacerbation of ebola outbreaks by conflict in the. Rwanda and uganda shifted their support to competing congolese armed groups and even fought each other in eastern drc. Civil wars in the democratic republic of congo, 19602010. Moreover, the election would renew drc institutions and set a path for return to regular democratic governance.
Democratic republic of congo european civil protection. The republic of the congo civil war was the second of two ethnopolitical civil conflicts in the african state of republic of the congo, beginning on 5 june 1997 and continuing until 29 december 1999. United nations organization mission in the democratic. As a point of departure, kisangani gives the term civil wars a new meaning because in this book, this term encompasses secession conflicts, ethnic wars, revolts, rebellions, invasions, and mutinies. Conflict minerals and the democratic republic of congo. Democratic republic of congo drc since the early 2000s, when africas world wara conflict that drew in multiple neighboring countries and reportedly caused millions of deaths drew to a close.